While HO DCC was originally third party, it did not start out standardized. There were multiple incompatible systems. The NMRA reviewed all the different systems and standardized on the waveform that command stations use to communicate with locomotives. They chose the waveform used by the Lenz system. Vendors were free to innovate regarding command stations, decoders, handheld controllers, but all would be interchangeable because all would use the same communication standard through the track to the locomotive. Existing vendors except Lenz had to reengineer their products to meet the NMRA standard.
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