Robert,
The clearance sideways from the track is variable. It depends a lot on what equipment he plans to run.
Starter set stuff won't pose much in the way of issues where a Big Boy 4-8-8-4 or Scale passenger cars will pose a massive problem.
For "Traditional equipment, 2" clearance from the side of the track base or tie ends will generally do. I'm running a starter set on O-36 for the Tree layout and I have presents stacked touching the roadbed on straights and back a couple inches on the curves.
For Big stuff you may need up to 5" between tracks in a curve and 4" from scenery from the track edge.
I had to move track away the the wall on my basement due to my Big Boy's cab hitting at 4" spacing when it started the turn away from the wall. OUCH!!! (Granite wall)