Hi Ron,
I understand your concern for noise control. It certainly does lead you to the type of material that you use.
I have read many documents and research many products.
The entire process requires that you actually take noise level readings and noise frequency readings.
The most effective systems are combinations of materials assembled in a specific way to achieve either absorption or transmission reduction.
materials have been measured for their qualities of absorption and transmission.
So, the short story of it all. First the floor. It's too late to create the complete system as it includes the ceiling below, the space in between and the upper floor. Low frequency transmission is usually the big concern (thuds). Higher frequencies secondary.
A thick rubber padding 3/8"-1/2" with a thicker grade carpet will probably do what you need it do to- absorb higher frequencies.
The trains-ahh-the trains-well debated with various methods forever. Wood doesn't play a big part in it. Wood has very poor sound absorption properties and high transmission properties. My conclusion is that it's mainly a structural decision. Plywood is made with different plys. So, 1/2" in seven ply, usually made for flooring use, is structurally sufficient to dance on, if need be, and light enough to work with comfortably. cabinet grade comes with seven plys, but you don't need the high finish surface.
I have looked at and tried different products to test on portable modules. It is very difficult to deny the results from many permanent layouts built that the homosote over ply with a cork roadbed is the quietest combination. When you combine the sound absorption and sound transmission reduction qualities of the two as system, it is very effective. You can find the scientifically determined specifications to prove it. Add that to the "ear test" results from years of layout builders you'll find the combination difficult to outperform. You'll need some help toting the homosote.
I have attached an "easy" read from Owens-Corning to start your head spinning. If you want more science, I can send you links to those.
Don't get analysis paralysis. You've got a train room to get ready. Floor, dedicated electrical circuits, perhaps more outlets and a master switch, walls to paint, lighting before you can build.
Well, that's my 2¢ worth. Have fun!
Edit: I almost forgot, I've attached the brochure for the product that I use on the portable modules. Not really good for a permanent layout, but the sound attenuation and absorption is as effective as the homosote/cork combo. It's 2mm closed cell, cross-linked polyvinylnitrate foam. Check the STC and Delta ratings. That's modern technology.