Very interesting comments, thank you ...
In Europe, three and four cylinder locomotives (not mallets or articulateds) were not so unusual as compared to American practice. Many of the English passenger express engines, 4-6-0 and 4-6-2 etc which were of modest size by American standards, had three or four cylinders. Part of the reason was more limited side clearances, I believe. And part of it was better balancing at speed and smoother operation, at the expense of higher maintenance.