I'm amazed at how close to the edge some of you are willing to go! Ken is asking about the distance to the center rail; perhaps some of you are quoting from the edge of the ties (or in the case of Fasttrack, the edge of the roadbed.)
More is better, especially for scenery / aesthetics. But since I'm after max action in a small space, it's going to be the minimum that I need for clearance. For example, a postwar 773 will negotiate O36 curves. But there's a TON of overhang. Some of my designs have the back of the layout against a wall. Before I fasten down my track, or even draw any more track plans, I probably need to measure precisely how much clearance I need. That's going to determine how close I can place the track to the edge of the table. Also using similar logic, this clearance determines the minimum spacing between adjacent tracks. With long passenger cars, underhang (on the inside of a curve) is a thing, too.
Honestly, I wish there were a reference table with this type of data. But NMRA standards, etc., are based on wide-radius curves, which have less overhang. In the toy train world, a lot of folks recommend 5"-6" between track centers. But that wastes a lot of valuable space. I know from experience that you can get closer than 6" between track centers, as long as you're not running articulated locos. Since my railroad will be set in the northeast, it's not a problem.
Getting back to the original question, 6" parallel track spacing would be almost like having the center rail 3" from the platform edge. Good topic!!