Passenger vs. freight pilots is more of a modelers term based on EMD history. E-units have always been associated with slab style pilots that continue the slope of the nose to the bottom while F-units typically had a pilot that curved inward just at the base of the anti-climber before flaring out again. Railroads had their own preferences but my guess is that if the locomotive collided with an object the F unit style pilot may have done a better job of keeping the object from climbing up the nose to protect crews. Hot Water knows the true answer. Here are some examples:
Note the slab pilot on this Amtrak E8 of UP heritage. The original slab pilot is intact. This is often called a passenger pilot.
This New Haven FL9 shows the curvature of what is commonly called the "freight" pilot.
A good comparison side by side with a Weaver E8 with the "passenger" pilot next to a 3rd Rail Amtrak FL9 with the "freight" pilot.
Proof that there are exceptions. The FP7 was delivered for the most part with a "passenger pilot", but as I recall it was a customer option from EMD.
PRR in general had a preference for the "passenger pilot" on freight units as well as evidenced by this standard F7.
And the opposite preference as shown on these Santa Fe FTs and E8m's that were former E1s rebuilt into E8s in the early 50's.