I agree it looks like a DG583S. That means it was added after purchase, not factory.
The manual is here:
http://www.digitrax.com/suppor...als/#mobile-decoders
The larger board is the standard "dog-bone" board that comes in most Atlas DC only but "DCC-ready" engines. There are 2 sets of leads on the decoder. One set has the red and black rail pickup leads and the orange and grey leads to the motor. The other is the small multi-lead plug on the side.
Looks like the installer connected the pickup and motor wries to the dogbone with an Atlas-style plug to connect to the rails and motor through the dogbone.
But all the functions for lighting etc. don't seem to be connected in your picture. The blue lead in that harness is +ve common to all. The other colours are one each for each function. Typically white for headlight, yellow for rear light, (F0 on Digitrax) then the others are for F2,3 etc. Each can be programmed for on-off, or various effects e.g. beacon. There's a narrow white socket on the dogbone labelled "to DCC" that you could in theory connect those function leads to. But I'm not sure of the pin-outs.
The screw terminals on the decoder are for the pickup and motor leads plus the blue +ve for the functions out. The rest of the functions come out in the small harness on the side.
The dogbone has some of the wiring traces to connect lights etc. You'll see that the bare pads around the dogbone are labelled for the common and various F1,2,3 etc. function outputs. However, my advice is to remove it and just use the DG583 directly to each item. You'll have a lot more room if you want to add a sound decoder such as Soundtraxx DSX and speakers, plus the dogbone may or may not have the resistors you'll need to use LEDs, depending on its age.
HTH
Cheers,
Pete