Thanks G. That explains why the engine I just did for a friend is silent. I'll get out the VOM and check a volume pot - I must have one around here somewhere. My inventory of parts is a mess and obsolete electronics are a bigger mess than the rest. Rigging the jumper will take 30 seconds - figuring out which terminal will take a bit longer. I did a TMCC engine a while back without a volume pot and I had to jumper it the same way you describe, wasn't sure I'd have to do it for a PS-1 board as well.