(1.) Sprung drivers. Reverse left/right springs, one may be weaker than the other. Possible broken spring.
(2.) Bent frame ??? Slight twist with less pressure left to right. It may have been dropped.
(3.) Loosen shell screws from the frame. Torque-ing the shell to frame screws may be causing a twist.
(4.) Axle movement left to right.
(5.) Check the inside of each flange. I had a chuff magnet that was not flush on the inside of a driver that would lift on guide rails, switches, and crosses.
(6.) Quartering needs to be checked, has been mentioned.
(7.) Tender tether problems, has been mentioned.
(8.) Trailing truck on the loco. As the loco body swings out it may be catching causing the derail.
(9.) Check the swing spring tension on the trailing truck.
(10.) Front pilot, has been mentioned.
(11.) Check the tender trucks for free operation.