Update - having found a diagram, it is basically the same as most other e-unit equipped Lionel engines. In this version the brushes are switched, not the field. Also of particular interest to me, the lamps appear to simply be ON whenever there is voltage, i.e. they are NOT directional.
That said, I have seen pendulum style e-units both with and without the extra electrical contacts (built into the e-unit) needed for directional lighting. I suppose at some point, Lionel incorporated that directional feature into some of the 408 engines? I would be curious to know if anyone actually has an example of such an engine.
I did try the old trick of wiring one lamp lead (#53 bulb) to a brush, the other to ground. Then added another lamp wired the same, but to the opposite brush. There appears to be only about a 2v difference presented between the hot leads to each bulb, i.e. when supplied with 12vac, one bulb would always be at 12vac while the other received about 10vac, so the second bulb only dimmed very slightly. The effect was not good enough to bother with in my opinion. . I know this method is usable, as I have done it in a 44 ton switcher, but even in that arrangement, the bulb which should have been extinguished was still visible, but at a greatly reduced brightness. I would be curious to know if the same trick has been done using LEDs, whereby the difference of 2 volts could be used to trigger a directional circuit? Has anyone ever done that? Thanks!
George