This question has puzzled me for quite a while.
The latest PS-3 MTH multi-unit diesels have gone to separate A and B units; so you can order whatever combo you want. And a single powered Premier A unit costs about what a complete ABA set used to cost in the early PS-2 era. So 2 powered A units and a dummy B unit Premier set will run you in excess of $1300. Ouch! Mind you a high end steamer will push the $2000 bracket, so its all relative I guess.
With MTH early PS-1 FT/F3/F7 Premier multi unit offerings you typically got an ABA set with dual can motors in both A units, and an empty B unit for under $600. The whole train was inter-connected by a 4 wire tether system, that surely does detract from the looks. The trailing A unit had a slave QSI board that powered the motors and lights according to commands from the lead unit QSI board.
Then on into the PS-2 era this concept continued except the tethers morphed to 10-wire to carry all the necessary commands. This continued through both the 5V and 3V PS-2 offerings. (Interestingly 3V trailing A units used the same slave board as the earlier 5V engines had, even though the lead units had the all-new 3V board)
What I wonder is how come MTH didn't switch to separately controlled A units front and rear, able to run as a lashup from early PS-2 days, like Lionel multi units have been since early TMCC days? This would have done away with the hated tether cords between units and saved that cost. And considering that PS-2 slave upgrade kits were priced higher at $168 compared to $149 for the main upgrade kits, it seems like it would not have cost any more to go with separate electronics. And likely less when you factor in the savings of all the unneeded tether cords and plugs and stuff.
So I wonder why they continued with the tethers?? There must be some reason though it escapes me.
Rod